Henk Peeters Dutch, 1925-2013

Henk Peeters (1925-2013) was the most active member of the Dutch nul group notably with regard to the organization. He made the international contacts, organised the international ZERO (nul) exhibitions at the Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam, and wrote on the theory of art. He was also the one who first actively participated in international exhibitions with artist groups such as the German ZERO, the Italian azimuth, and with artists Yves Klein, Yayoi Kusama and Lucio Fontana. He initiated the (utopian) project 'zero on sea', with more than fifty participating artists from over ten countries.

He wanted to use his works of art to make the viewer conscious of his environment; he wanted to bring about a sensitive consciousness-raising, as it were. The materials that Peeters selected for his works frequently had a very tactile appeal, while he simultaneously created a certain untouchability; thus he stuck candle tapers behind plastic foil, or he put mesh in front of cotton wool. He also used fire on canvases, leaving behind traces of thick smoke, or he burned holes into plastic, the so-called 'pyrographies'. With these often white works he was visually closely associated with the German ZERO artists, but there was also a clear relationship with Nouveau Réalisme.

Peeters used ready-mades, which he bought in inexpensive stores and isolated in the work of art. In these he had a preference for modern, clean, industrial materials such as plastic and nylon. He once said: "With my work I have always wanted it to look just as fresh as if it was in the HEMA [a Dutch chain store]. It must not be artified... I had no need for artistic cotton wool."

Henk Peeters also worked with natural processes such as light and water reflections, and with ice, rain, snow and mist. Art and life should be joined together inextricably and thus Henk Peeters became in 1961 a work of art himself, when Piero Manzoni appointed him as one. This was certified and signed by the Italian artist. To this day Henk Peeters restores artworks from the nul period and remains an active spokesman for the group.